Building Resilient Organizations
At the heart of organizational transformation lies a fundamental truth: creating safe, empowering environments requires a deliberate journey from awareness to action. The FSU Continuum, developed by the Resilience Institute for Strength and Empowerment (RISE), maps this journey through five distinct stages, providing organizations with a clear pathway toward becoming healing-centered entities.
The FSU Continuum is grounded in evidence-based practices and current research on trauma-informed approaches. It draws from key frameworks such as the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's (SAMHSA) guidance on trauma-informed care [6] and Harris & Fallot's work on envisioning trauma-informed service systems [4].
Understanding the Journey
Organizations don't transform overnight. The FSU Continuum recognizes this reality by identifying five key stages in organizational development:
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Trauma Unaware: These organizations operate without recognition of trauma's impact, potentially perpetuating harmful practices unknowingly [1, 6]. Staff may misinterpret trauma responses as behavioral problems, and policies may unintentionally create barriers to healing.
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Trauma Aware: At this stage, organizations begin recognizing trauma's existence and its impact on individuals and organizational dynamics [4, 6]. They take initial steps toward understanding how trauma affects both clients and staff, though implementation of trauma-sensitive practices may be inconsistent.
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Trauma Informed: Organizations at this level have integrated knowledge about trauma into their policies and procedures [5, 6]. They recognize signs and symptoms of trauma in clients and staff, actively working to create environments that support healing while avoiding re-traumatization.
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Trauma Responsive: These organizations go beyond awareness to actively anticipate and address trauma-related needs [1, 6]. They create proactively safe environments and implement policies that support healing while interrupting harmful practices. Staff at all levels are equipped to respond effectively to trauma-related challenges.
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Healing Centered: The most advanced stage represents a holistic approach emphasizing strengths, resilience, and cultural responsiveness [2, 3]. These organizations promote healing and empowerment through community-led initiatives, recognizing that true healing encompasses cultural, spiritual, and civic dimensions. This aligns with Ginwright's call to shift from trauma-informed care to healing-centered engagement [3].
The FSU Continuum was developed through a rigorous process of research synthesis and application. RISE researchers conducted an extensive literature review, analyzing seminal works on trauma-informed care, organizational change, and healing-centered engagement.
Key influencers included SAMHSA's principles of trauma-informed approach [6], Harris & Fallot's framework for trauma-informed service systems [4], Ginwright's conceptualization of healing-centered engagement [3], Triesman's work on relational approaches to trauma-informed care, and Sandra Bloom's Sanctuary Model. These frameworks were critically examined and adapted to create the five-stage continuum model.
Throughout the development process, RISE sought input from experts in the field and developed case studies of organizations at various stages of trauma-responsiveness from a wide variety of sectors. This allowed for refinement of the stage descriptions and ensured the continuum's applicability to real-world contexts. Currently, RISE is developing a rubric to further operationalize the continuum stages and support organizational self-assessment and to promote their learning and growth.
References:
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Bloom, S. L. (2013). Creating sanctuary: Toward the evolution of sane societies. Routledge.
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Harris, M., & Fallot, R. D. (2001). Envisioning a trauma‐informed service system: A vital paradigm shift. New Directions for Mental Health Services, 2001(89), 3-22.
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Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). (2014). SAMHSA's concept of trauma and guidance for a trauma-informed approach. HHS Publication No. (SMA) 14-4884.
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Kezelman, C., & Stavropoulos, P. (2012). Practice guidelines for treatment of complex trauma and trauma informed care and service delivery. Adults Surviving Child Abuse.
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Masten, A. S. (2014). Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth. Child Development, 85(1), 6-20.
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Vogus, T. J., & Sutcliffe, K. M. (2007). Organizational resilience: Towards a theory and research agenda. In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (pp. 3418-3422). IEEE.